ECHINACEA ROOT – ECHINACEA ANGUSTIFOLIA
Echinacea angustifolia
4% echinacoside
Echinacea angustifolia
4% echinacoside
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| Category | Study Type | Key Findings | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health | Animal Study – Endothelial Dysfunction | Improved endothelial function, reduced vascular inflammation and oxidative stress | Rev Esp Cardiol (2015) |
| Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health | Animal Study – Metabolic Syndrome Prevention | Counteracted fructose-induced metabolic changes, improved liver health, gut microbiota | Food & Function 2024 |
| Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health | Clinical Study – Risk Factors & QOL | Reduced blood pressure, glucose, cortisol; improved fat mass and life quality | EC Nutrition 2015 |
| Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health | Clinical Study – CVD Risk & Antioxidants | Reduced blood pressure and cortisol, increased antioxidant markers (Urolithin A) | Antioxidants 2022 |
| Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health | Clinical Study – Blood Pressure | Significant reduction in diastolic BP after 8 weeks | J Nutr Sci 2017 |
| Sports Nutrition | Clinical Study – Cyclists’ Endurance | Improved time to exhaustion, reduced muscle damage & inflammation | Nutrients 2019 |
| Cognition & Behaviour | Clinical Study – Cognitive Health | Improved memory, reasoning, attention and information processing | Academic Press 2021 |
| Cognition & Behaviour | Clinical Study – Satiety | Increased satiety, reduced hunger and food intake post-meal | Foods 2022 |
| Cognition & Behaviour | Animal Study – Frailty Prevention | Improved coordination and neuromuscular function, reduced oxidative damage in mice | Antioxidants 2023 |
| Inflammation | In Vitro – IL-1β Inflammasome | Blocked IL-1β release in macrophages (ATP-treated), anti-inflammatory effect | Cell Death Differ 2016 |
| Inflammation | In Vitro – Corneal Inflammation | Inhibited IL-8 release, outperformed dexamethasone; promoted cell viability | J Clin Transl Ophthalmol 2023 |
| Inflammation | Animal Study – Muscle Loss Prevention | Prevented TNF-α-induced muscle loss, reduced oxidative stress, NF-kB inhibition | Mol Nutr Food Res |
| Skin Health | In Vitro – Photoaging Effects | Reduced ROS, boosted collagen and HA metabolism, tyrosinase inhibition | Int J Food Sci Nutr |
| Antimicrobial | In Vitro – Antimicrobial Activity | Outperformed ciprofloxacin against S. aureus in zone of inhibition | Int J Mol Sci 2024 |
| Gut Health | In Vitro – Proof of Concept | Punicalagin transformed into ellagic acid & urolithins; potential gut support | J Agric Food Chem 2022 |
| Antiaging | In Vivo – Longevity & AHR Pathway | Extended lifespan in C. elegans, activated AHR pathway in mice liver | Int J Mol Sci 2024 |
| Study Type | Key Findings | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| In-vivo Safety Study (Genotoxicity) | No mutation induced. Safe dose: 30mg/day or 2000mg/kg (single dose) | Mutation Research 777 (2015) |
| Subchronic Toxicity (13 weeks) | No toxicological effect up to 500mg/kg/day | Food Chem Toxicol 84 (2015) |
| Antimicrobial In-vitro Study | Antibacterial activity (E. coli, S. aureus) and antioxidant packaging effects | Foods 2020, 9, 1339 |
| Human Study (15mg/day, 3 weeks) | Improved body composition, antioxidant status, gene expression (inflammation/oxidative stress) | Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017 |
| Antioxidant, CV Support (acute dose) | Strong antioxidant effect, reduced lipid peroxidation, SOD up-regulation | Biomedicine & Prevention 2017 |
| Breast Cancer Patients (adjunct to chemo) | Reduced TIMP-1 levels, potential for improved prognosis | Antioxidants 2019, 8, 393 |
| Exploratory Stroke Study (humans) | Reduced HbA1c, diastolic BP, improved neurological/functional outcomes | Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024 |